How an attacker targets phishing attacks?

Phishing attacks are a type of attack that steals user data such as credit card numbers and login credentials. It happens when an attacker dupes a victim into opening an email or text message then tricked them into clicking a malicious link, which can install the malware that revealing the sensitive data of the victimized user. But I want to know how an attacker targets the specific individuals for phishing attacks? Guys If you know the answer please let me know in the comments.